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Thursday, April 4, 2013

Shanghai City zoo, parks on alert for bird flu


City zoo, parks on alert for bird flu
By Hu Min   |   NEWSPAPER EDITION
2013-4-4  00:50

THE Shanghai Zoo is stepping up monitoring and sterilization of areas where birds live following a number of human infections of a lesser-known strain of bird flu in the country, the zoo operator said yesterday.

"We are enhancing patrols and sterilization in and near the swan lake, bird enclosures and gardens, and we will conduct immediate analyses if birds are found dead inside the zoo," said Bai Jiaming, a zoo official.

Zoo officials said yesterday no birds had died in the zoo since deaths linked to H7N9 avian influenza occurred in Shanghai in March, Bai said. 

The zoo's birds are given vaccines for other strains of bird flu on a regular basis, officials said. There are no vaccines for the H7N9 strains.

As of yesterday, the zoo's annual bird watching event scheduled in late April had not been canceled, Bai said. 

The zoo is reporting to health authorities on a daily basis, and said it is on alert. Bai said, however, that it is difficult to closely monitor the health of wild birds that fly from elsewhere.

Yesterday's good weather attracted dozens of people to the zoo. Some were observing swans and ducks at the swan lake.

"I think it is safe if we just have a look from far away and do not get close to the swans or touch them. I'm more afraid of people coughing in public areas such as Metro stations," said a local mother, Yu Li, who took her two-year-old daughter to the zoo yesterday. 

Some residents, however, weren't as confident.

"I will not go to zoos and will decrease my visits to wet markets until detailed information is released, such as the origin of the flu virus," said a Shanghai resident surnamed Shen.

The management office at People's Square said no symptoms of bird flu had been found among pigeons at the square.

An official surnamed Fu said over 600 pigeons are given a vaccine for other bird flu strains at birth and once a year.

http://mobile.shanghaidaily.com/article/?id=527643
Century Park officials said about 950 pigeons just received vaccines in March, and daily cleaning and disinfection are being conducted.

203 students hospitalized in Sichuan Province initially diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis


203 students hospitalized in Sichuan Province
Source:  |  ONLINE EDITION
2013-4-4  16:11

A total of 203 primary school students in southwest China's Sichuan Province have been hospitalized with fevers, vomiting and diarrhea, the local government said Thursday.
The first pupil of the Central Primary School in Yingjie Township, Ziyang City, was admitted to the township hospital in Yingjie at 7 a.m. Wednesday after falling ill, according to the city's publicity authorities. 
The hospital had received a total of 203 students exhibiting similar symptoms by 10:30 a.m. Thursday. Fifty of them are being treated in the township hospital, while 153 others have been transferred to three hospitals in Yanjiang District, Ziyang City.
They were initially diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis, according to doctors. All of them are in stable condition. http://mobile.shanghaidaily.com/article/?id=527662
An investigation into the widespread sickness is ongoing.

suspension of poultry sales at two markets in the city's Minhang District - Jingchuan and Fengzhuang -


The agriculture commission also ordered thorough disinfection and suspension of poultry sales at two markets in the city's Minhang District - Jingchuan and Fengzhuang - where a similar H7 flu virus had been detected, and stricter monitoring of poultry trading areas. http://mobile.shanghaidaily.com/article/?id=527687

Michael Osterholm on the Bird Flu in China




Michael Osterholm on the Bird Flu in China



here



2 Bird Flu Cases Hidden Before Official Release  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaciIGi7xkI

German Researchers to Probe Camel Link to New Coronavirus



on 4 April 2013,
On 26 March, a 73-year-old man from Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, died at the Klinikum Schwabing, a hospital in Munich. He was the 11th known fatality related to infection with the novel coronavirus (nCoV), a pathogen that was first reported in September 2012 and isattracting substantial interest from researchers. Overall, officials have reported 17 cases of nCoV infection.
Clemens Wendtner, a professor of medicine and assistant medical director at the University of Cologne, is a physician at the Munich hospital.ScienceInsider asked Wendtner how the case was handled and why he thinks the patient may have been infected by one of his racing camels. Questions and answers have been edited for brevity and clarity.
Q: Why did the patient seek treatment in Germany and why did he come to the Klinikum Schwabing?
C.W.: We are one of seven reference centers for infectious diseases in Germany; the Klinikum Schwabing has a unit for highly contagious patients, and one of the first SARS patients was treated here in 2003. This particular patient was treated in Munich for multiple myeloma, which had been diagnosed in 2009. He flew into Germany on a frequent basis to get chemotherapy and even stem cell transplantation at a private center.
While in Abu Dhabi, his condition deteriorated, and his treating hematologist here in Munich asked to fly him in to get a closer look; the family also wanted him to be transferred. At this point we only knew he had some pulmonary problems, but we were not aware of any coronavirus testing; this was not done in the United Arab Emirates.
Q: When did you suspect he might have the virus?
C.W.: When we examined his condition and saw his medication list; he had even started on [the influenza drug] Tamiflu, but his condition didn't improve. So we said: "Maybe it's a good idea to check for the coronavirus." So we did a bronchoalveolar lavage, [a procedure to sample fluid from the lungs,] and sent the material to Christian Drosten's lab at the University of Bonn; this is the German reference lab for the new coronavirus. The results came back on 23 March. At this point, the patient's medical condition was quite bad.  http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2013/04/german-researchers-to-probe-came.html

Human infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus in China - WHO update


Human infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus in China - update

 4 April 2013 – On 4 April 2013 (14:00 CET), the Chinese health authorities notified WHO of an additional four laboratory-confirmed cases, including three deaths, due to human infection with influenza A(H7N9).
The three fatal cases, all men, are a 38-year-old with illness onset on 7 March 2013 from Zhejiang , a 64-year-old with illness onset on 29 March from Zhejiang, and a 48-year-old with illness onset on 28 March from Shanghai.
The fourth patient is a 67-year-old man with illness onset on 25 March 2013 from Zhejiang He is in critical condition.
There is no link between the laboratory-confirmed cases. To date, the total number of confirmed cases of human infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus in China is 11, including 5 deaths. More than 400 close contacts of the confirmed cases are being closely monitored. Thus far, none of them have developed any symptoms of illness.
The Chinese government is actively investigating this event and has heightened disease surveillance. Retrospective testing of recently reported cases with severe respiratory infection may uncover additional cases that were previously unrecognized. An inter-government task force has been formally established, with the National Health and Family Planning Commission leading the coordination along with the Ministry of Agriculture and other key ministries. The animal health sector has intensified investigations into the possible sources and reservoirs of the virus.
WHO is in contact with national authorities and is following the event closely. The WHO-coordinated international response is also focusing on work with WHO Collaborating Centres for Reference and Research on Influenza and other partners to ensure that information is available and that materials are developed for diagnosis and treatment and vaccine development. No vaccine is currently available for this subtype of the influenza virus. Preliminary test results provided by the WHO Collaborating Centre in China suggest that the virus is susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir and zanamivir).
At this time there is no evidence of ongoing human-to-human transmission.
WHO does not advise special screening at points of entry with regard to this event, nor does it recommend that any travel or trade restrictions be applied.

HATTIP  Giuseppe Michieli 

World experts debate case for new bird flu vaccine





LONDON (Reuters) - Experts from around the world are in daily talks about the threat posed by a deadly new strain of bird flu in China, including discussions on if and when to start making a vaccine.
Any decision to mass-produce vaccines against H7N9 flu will not be taken lightly, since it will mean sacrificing production of seasonal shots. And scientists warn it will take months to get any finished bird flu vaccine to the market.
But the groundwork is being laid.
The virus has been shared with World Health Organization (WHO) collaborating centers in Atlanta, Beijing, London, Melbourne and Tokyo, and these groups are analyzing samples to identify the best candidate to be used for the manufacture of vaccine - if it becomes necessary.
It is still a big "if", even assuming the continued spread of the new disease, which has killed five of the 14 people that it has infected in China.
"It is an incredibly difficult decision because once you make it you have to change from making seasonal flu vaccines and go to making a vaccine for this virus," said Jeremy Farrar, a leading expert on infectious diseases and director of Oxford University's research unit in Vietnam.
That could mean shortages of vaccine against the normal seasonal flu which, while not serious for most people, still costs thousands of lives.
Sanofi Pasteur, the world's largest flu vaccine manufacturer, said it was in continuous contact with the WHO through the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations (IFPMA), but it was too soon to know the significance of the Chinese cases.
Other leading flu vaccine makers include GlaxoSmithKline and Novartis.
Preliminary test results suggest the new flu strain responds to treatment with Roche's drug Tamiflu and GSK's Relenza, according to the WHO.
MONEY DOWN THE DRAIN?
There is no evidence yet of person-to-person transmission of H7N9 flu, and scientists do not yet know how what the strain's potential is to develop into a human pandemic. Wendy Barclay, a flu virologist at Imperial College London, said one major argument against moving too soon would be financial.
"There is a possibility now that flu researchers will all rush to work on H7N9 and grants will be awarded for intensive research to develop vaccines ... and that could be pouring money down a drain because it could be that the barriers for this virus are high enough that we don't need to worry about it."
She said scientists should first be focused on getting "the practical biology and the sequence analysis" before they decide to move on.
Since the H1N1 swine flu pandemic of 2009, in which drugmakers took six months to develop and distribute effective vaccines, manufacturers have been stepping up efforts to produce shots faster to deal with the rapid spread of disease.
It remains a lengthy process, however.
"There is presently no technology that can quickly and cost-effectively mass-manufacture vaccine," said Anton Middelberg, a flu vaccine researcher at the University of Queensland.
"Although the WHO is sending materials for vaccine development to China, it is unlikely that vaccine will be produced quickly enough to impact this outbreak."
Still, the flu vaccine community is not starting completely from scratch.
A degree of preparedness already exists because the last WHO vaccine strain selection meeting in February had already decided to consider the broad H7 virus category as a pandemic candidate.
The European Center for Disease Prevention and Control said vaccine candidate strains had also been developed as a response to previous H7 human cases in Europe and North America.
"These candidate strains may not efficiently cross protect against the novel A(H7N9) strain, but the fact that they are moving towards development does indicate a degree of preparedness globally," the ECDC said. http://news.yahoo.com/world-experts-debate-case-bird-flu-vaccine-162046536--finance.html

Seek care in an immigration quarantine station Niigata Airport

 From the dead and that an infection due to (type H7N9) avian influenza virus in China came in quarantine stations (Higashi-ku, Niigata City) began to seek a warning to the Immigration and posters at Niigata Airport. Among companies in the prefecture that are operating in China, there are also companies that encourage expatriates to take action from the local up to four days. While calmly see "human infection has not been identified from human," the experts are encouraged to thoroughly and gargle and hand washing to prevent infection.
 Line connecting the two lines Niigata Airport and China and Harbin Shanghai line. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Niigata Quarantine Station posted a poster for an immigration counter for quarantine before. In addition to offer, when you have symptoms such as cough and fever at the time of entry if you develop within 10 days after entry I'm asked to tell you that I was staying in China to the nearest medical facility.

A close contact with H7N9 infected with the fever and other symptoms


Xinhua, Shanghai, April 4 (Xinhua Chou Yi Li Rong) reporter learned from the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, ended at 11 p.m. on the 4th Shanghai were found in six cases of human infection with the H7N9avian influenza confirmed cases, 4 deaths, 2 cases are where the six cases had no relevance. Close contacts of a death case, a fever, runny nose, itchy throat, and other symptoms, has been treated in isolation.
    Patients with certain she died on April 3, 4 pm, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention report laboratory test results for the H7N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid positive. After investigation, a total of 31 close contacts of the case, so far, a fever, runny nose, itchy throat and other symptoms, at 18:53 on the 4th isolation and treatment have been transferred to the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, the other close contact were not found to have a fever or respiratory symptoms.
    The date of the National Avian Influenza Reference Laboratory from ShanghaiMunicipal censorship, Songjiang District, Shanghai Huai agricultural and sideline products wholesale markets dove samples detected the H7N9 avian influenza virus. Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Commission has been the day of the urgent deployment of avian flu prevention and control measures, immediately turn off the live poultry trading of agricultural and sideline products wholesale market in Shanghai Huai, culling the trading of all birds in the region.
    According to the Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Commission said the emergency notification requirements in accordance with the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture to prevent and control the spread of the H7N9 avian flu virus has animal infected with the H7N9 bird flu virus as an animal disease management, immediately start contingency plans. Shanghai will pause this time the detected H7 avian influenza virus Minhang Jingchuang grocer, Feng Chuang market trading of live poultry, and do a good job of on-site disinfection.
http://news.xinhuanet.com/2013-04/05/c_124541805.htm



Close Songjiang District, Shanghai Huai agricultural and sideline products wholesale market live poultry trading


Agriculture Commission: Close Songjiang District, Shanghai Huai agricultural and sideline products wholesale market live poultry trading

[Xinmin Reuters culled poultry, according to the Shanghai released, the emergency deployment H7N9 avian flu prevention and control measures 市农委, immediately turn off the Songjiang District, Shanghai Huai agricultural and sideline products wholesale market live poultry trading culled trading of all birds in the region; birds, bird droppings and other harmless treatment, thorough disinfection of the market environment. Meanwhile, the follow-up survey sample source pigeons.
  Agriculture Commission the urgent deployment of the H7N9 avian flu prevention and control measures in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture and the municipal government, as follows:
  Emergency notification requirements in accordance with the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture to prevent and control the spread of the H7N9 avian flu virus, the animals were infected with the H7N9 bird flu virus as an animal disease management, immediately start contingency plans.
  Immediately turn off the Songjiang District, Shanghai Huai agricultural and sideline products wholesale market live poultry trading, culling the trading of all birds in the region. The culling of birds, birds excrement contaminated feed, litter and sewage harmless. Market environment, as well as items come into contact with birds, transport-related utensils thoroughly disinfected. Meanwhile, the follow-up survey sample source pigeons. http://shanghai.xinmin.cn/msrx/2013/04/04/19570827.html

Hong Kong reports a suspected novel coronavirus case


According to the SAR Government Information Services Department news, the Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health of the Hong Kong SAR Government on the evening received a novel coronavirus caused severe respiratory disease suspected cases. Initial investigations revealed that the suspected infection in March 24 to 31, traveled to Turkey and Dubai Tourism.
  It is reported that the suspected infection is a 37-year-old woman, previously healthy, presented with fever, headache and shortness of breath symptoms since April 1, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong is currently being treated in isolation in a stable condition. The patient's lung X-ray examination showed her lobes bottom left of pneumonia. CHP has collected respiratory samples for laboratory tests, expected Laboratory test results are in the 5th.
  SAR Government Department of Health spokesman said the CHP will continue through established with public and private hospitals, medical practitioners and airport monitoring mechanism to monitor any new coronavirus caused severe respiratory disease suspected cases.
  According to statistics, since last year's discovery of class SARS (SARS) virus, a new type of coronavirus, the world has been informed of 17 cases of the novel coronavirus infections, including 11 deaths. (Reporter Lin Chien Yang)

Hong Kong-visited Dubai, woman suspected new SARS



Dye visited Dubai woman suspected new SARS

[21:41] 2013/04/04

Interactive Newsletter on the [on.cc Oriental] CHP tonight received the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, reported serious respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus suspected cases. Own health, the 37-year-old woman, with fever, headache and shortness of breath symptoms this week, doctors in Iraq are being treated in isolation and in stable condition.Initial investigations revealed that the patient had traveled to Turkey and Dubai last month from 24 to 31 days. X-ray examination of the lungs of patients with their lobar pneumonia in the lower left portion of the extracted respiratory samples for testing, Laboratory test results are expected tomorrow. The Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong has no cases of human infection with the virushttp://news.on.cc/cnt/news/20130404/bkn-20130404214116533-0404_00822_001.html?ref=focus

Public Health Notice: H7N9 avian flu in China

HATTIP TO PATHFINDER!

Released: 4 April 2013

Why you should take note

On March 31, 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that three people in the People’s Republic of China were infected by a new type of avian influenza virus identified as A(H7N9). All cases developed severe pneumonia and breathing difficulties, resulting in the death of two of the three cases. To date, the total number of confirmed cases of human infection with this H7N9 virus in China is nine including three deaths. Additional cases are likely to continue to be reported.

Risk to Canadians

The H7N9 flu virus causing illness in people in China has not been identified in birds in Canada.

There have been no reports of human illness in Canada associated with the H7N9 flu virus currently causing illness in China.

The risk posed to humans by avian influenza in birds is generally very low. Avian influenza does not transmit easily from birds to infect humans.

While there is no risk of catching the flu virus by eating affected poultry, Canada, in fact, does not import raw poultry or raw poultry products from China.

Canadians should protect themselves and their fellow citizens from seasonal/annual influenza by:
  • Getting an annual flu shot;
  • Washing hands frequently;
  • Covering coughs and sneezes;
  • Keeping common surfaces clean; and
  • Staying home when sick.
What the Public Health Agency of Canada is doing

The Agency works closely with its national and international partners, including the WHO, to track all types of flu activity in Canada and around the world.

An Agency medical expert is based in Beijing and is liaising with the Chinese infectious disease prevention authorities on this outbreak.

The Agency's National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has access to the H7N9 whole genome sequence through the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID). This information allows the NML to rapidly detect the H7N9 flu virus.

The NML is also working closely with provincial laboratories to ensure they are also able to test for the H7N9 flu virus.

Additional information
...
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/phn-asp/2...9-0403-eng.php

H7N9 epidemic ferocious officials reported 14 cases in five deaths Kunming startling news of eight cases



The outbreak of H7N9 avian flu in mainland China, the Chinese Communist Party official to conceal the truth, the Hong Kong media have the front page of a major newspaper. (Network picture)
Epoch Times, April 4, 2013 (Epoch Times reporter FANG Xiao coverage) severity of the H7N9 avian flu in the Chinese mainland, according to the official notification, Shanghai confirmed deaths increased sharply. Mainland as of April 21, 2013 a total of 14 cases of H7N9 avian flu patients, five of whom died. Shanghai 6 cases (4 deaths), 1 cases in Anhui, Jiangsu four cases, Zhejiang 3 cases (1 death). Official Journal of secretive, news media tracking and network rebellion often true. It is rebellion, Kunming, Yunnan, found that the number of people infected....
Biography Kunming confirmed eight cases no official notification
Epoch receive rebellion noon on April 4, Kunming, Yunnan's classmate's mother called from the bedroom, Kunming Chenggong District Hospital diagnosed seven patients with avian flu, more than an hour after a phone call confirmed a bird flu.
The Outgoing Epoch Times reporter Kunming Chenggong District the hospital Yuanban, was told that the situation is not clear. A duty officer of the hospital emergency department, fever patients to see a doctor more recently, but can not be determined is the H7N9 avian flu.
WHO: H7N9 avian flu virus mutation
A spokesman for the World Health Organization, Hartle said the organization has found that the H7N9 avian flu virus mutate to become susceptible to infection with the human body.
Guangdong Shantou one people said that it is only the beginning, the nightmare is yet to come ...

China reports 5th death from H7N9 bird flu



Source: XINHUA  |   2013-4-4
SHANGHAI, April 4 (Xinhua) -- Authorities in Shanghai said Thursday night that another person has died from H7N9 bird flu, bringing the death toll from the lesser known strain to five around the country.

a 4-year-old child is mild


The reporter learned from the Shanghai Municipal Population and Family Planning Commission, and ended at 21 o'clock on the the 4th diagnosed three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza. The city of 6 patients 4 deaths, a 4-year-old children in the other two patients, the disease is mild recovering.
  April 3, 2 patients were Tongji Hospital, Huashan Hospital, died a death, and 4 has been confirmed human infection of H7N9 avian influenza.http://china.zjol.com.cn/05china/system/2013/04/04/019258301.shtml

 Bulletin confirmed three cases of H7N9 avian influenza as of 21:00, 3 new cases including one death, the remaining two patients had a 4-year-old children with mild illness, The city currently has six cases, four of whom died. http://news.on.cc/cnt/china/20130404/bkn-20130404215128408-0404_00922_001.html

Fuyang netizens spread of the H7N9 avian flu rumors detained



Reporters this afternoon is from Fuyang police was informed that a man in the city due to the spread of the H7N9 avian flu rumors administrative detention for eight days.
3 am, a network called "Mr. Xiaodong OK" netizens Bo eyeball actually concocted Fuyang, Anhui Province and one case of H7N9 avian influenza for the content of the post, the deliberate spread of the Internet, causing a certain impact. Fuyang City Development Zone Branch of the Public Security Bureau immediately investigate, and found that evening Posted Lee, Lee publish false information regret it.http://365jia.cn/news/2013-04-04/498FDAA1B0A1DA7A.html

14 people across the country suffering from the H7N9


As of the evening of April 4, 14 people across the country suffering from the H7N9 avian flu five people were killed
Publicly reported, according to media consolidation, by 2013, the 4th 21 am nationwide found 14 cases of H7N9 avian flu patients, five of whom died. Shanghai 6 cases (4 deaths), 1 cases in Anhui, Jiangsu four cases, Zhejiang 3 cases (1 death).
Shanghai confirmed six cases (4 deaths)
As at 21 o'clock on the 4th Shanghai has confirmed three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza. The city of 6 patients 4 deaths, a 4-year-old children in the other two patients, condition minor recovering. 3, 2 patients were Tongji Hospital, Huashan Hospital, died a death, and the 4th has confirmed human cases of infection with the H7N9 avian flu.
Patients Lee, male, 87 years old, incidence of February 19, to actively rescue died on March 4. (Its 69-year-old son was discharged, and the death of 55-year-old son "pneumonia")
Patients Wu, male, 27 years old, the onset of February 27, died March 10 actively rescue.
Patients with a reservoir, male, 48 years old, Rugao, occupational waders staff incidence March 28, died on April 3.
April 4 New 3 people unknown
Zhejiang confirm the deaths of three people (1)
Patients, Mr. Hong, male, 38 years old, Hangzhou Jiande person, cooks, Jiangsu Taicang work of the disease, died on the 27th March 7.
Patients Yang, male, 67 years old, Hangzhou people, retirement home.
Patients Zhang, male, 64 years old, Huzhou Wuxing people, the peasants.
Jiangsu diagnosed 4 people (no deaths)
Patients Xu, female, 45 years old, Jiangning District, engaged in live poultry slaughter.
Patients with a mulberry, female, 48 years old, Suqian Shuyang engaged in sheet metal processing.
Patients Shen, male, 83 years old, Suzhou Wujiang District.
Patients Zhang, female, 32 years old, Changzhou, now lives in Wuxi city
Anhui confirm 1 (no deaths)
Patients Mr. Han, female, 35 years old, Chuzhou, Nanjing treatment:tiphat:
http://news.qq.com/a/20130404/001083.htm

Shanghai-Additional three cases of human 6 patients 4 deaths,INCLUDES A 4-year-old


Additional three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian flu cases in Shanghai

【Additional three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian flu cases in Shanghai] As at 21:00 on the 4th, diagnosed three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza. The city of 6 patients 4 deaths, a 4-year-old children in the other two patients, condition minor recovering. 3, 2 patients were Tongji Hospital, Huashan Hospital, died a death, and the 4th has confirmed human cases of infection with the H7N9 avian flu. http://news.qq.com/a/20130404/001131.htm

Q226L Signals Recent H7N9 Human Adaptation


Recombinomics Commentary 07:00
April 4, 2013
Webby said the H7N9 viruses are showing changes that are hallmarks of adaptation to mammals, the same types of mutations that have been seen when other flu viruses — which all have their origins in water birds like ducks — learn to infect mammalian species.

One of the changes is in what's know as the receptor binding site. Bird viruses use a different receptor to latch on and trigger infection than flu viruses that have adapted to infect humans and other mammals. And the genetic sequences of the H7N9 viruses show they have started to make that change, Webby said.

As well there are a couple of other mutations seen in these H7N9 sequences that are known to be indicators of viruses that have switched to mammalian hosts from avian hosts, he said.


The above comments describe the receptor binding domain change Q226L.  Although multiple media reports are beginning to cite genetic changes, none actually say the name of the change (and some, like the ECDC risk assessment completely ignore it)
 
The change is well known and all three studies on H5N1 transmission introduced this change prior to ferret infections.  Moreover the 1957 pandemic, which involved H2N2 had the change, as did the H3N2 in the 1968 pandemic.  When new H5N1 bird flu cases were reported, agencies would claim that the H5N1 couldn’t transmit human to human (H2H) because the two key changes, Q226L and G228S, were not present.  Neither of the changes have been reported previously in H5N1 or H7 isolates from any species.
Thus, the presence of Q226L in the two most recent sequences has caused considerable concern, although media reports, like the one cited above just discuss Q226L in general terms, in contrast to prior reports on H5N1 transmission studies, which commonly cited the two key changes by name.
However, the appearance of Q226L is very recent.  The first isolate, A/Shanghai/1/2012 had PB2 E627K and the 5 amino acid deletion in the N9 stalk, but Q226L was not present.  This isolate was from the first confirmed case (87M) who was part of a suspect cluster.  Q226L was in the two subsequent isolates, A/Shanghai/2/2013 from the second confirmed case (27M) and A/Anhui/1/2013 from the third confirmed case (35F).
This recent development has been followed by an explosion of cases.  There have been six additional confirmed cases ringing Shanghai (seemap).  Like the first 3 cases, all have been severe (fatal or hospitalized in the ICU).  There have also been two recent suspect deaths (see map) and more cases are being cited on twitter (see map).
The recent appearance of Q226L, as well as D225G on H7 and E627K on PB2 raises concerns that the number of severe and fatal cases will spike higher.
Release of sequences from the recent cases would be useful.  The presence of Q226L in most recent cases is expected, and the appearance of additional receptor binding domain changes, such as G228S would be catastrophic.

The virus now mutations Experts: H7N9 fear a pandemic



Canada homes iask.ca 2013-04-03 15:34 Source: Central News Agency of:
 The scientists pointed out that the first discovery of the H7N9 avian influenza virus gene sequence data, this virus has certain mutations may will form a human pandemic.

  There is no evidence of infection killing nine people including 3 people sick to death of the H7N9 infection between people, known in mainland China. This virus may gradually disappear, without complete mutation adult influenza-like illness. Canada homes
  The mainland authorities announced that a number of H7N9 confirmed cases only after a few days, flu experts have laboratories around the world in search DNA sequence data of the patient samples to assess the possibility of a pandemic.
  Aust House (Ab Osterhaus), one of the world's top flu expert, Netherlands, Erasmus Medical Center (Erasmus Medical Centre) pointed out that this virus gene sequences revealed that certain mutations, it is worth authorities alert The need to strengthen the monitoring of animal and human.
  Aust House said in a telephone interview, "in a way, the virus has to adapt to mammals and human, for that matter, is worrying,"; "We should be really high degree of attention to this situation".
  Kyodo News from the mainland reported that the H7N9 virus previously been regarded as a "weak toxicity" low public health risk, but the continent diagnosed infections are severe. Genetic Analysis results show that the patients found in the body of the virus as "strong toxicity.
  Quoted Tashiro, Director of the Research Center of Japan's National Institute of Infectious Diseases influenza virus real argument that the H7N9 virus may occur genetic variation becomes accessible to human transmission.But the mainland of South China Agricultural University poultry disease research team, veterinary science, vice president Ren Tao has said from past experience to deal with the bird flu virus, H7N9 outbreak in interpersonal diffusion unlikely.
  "Nanfang Dushi Bao" reported, Tao Ren, H7N9, although not in the human-to-human infection, but the H7 subtype influenza viruses from 1996 to 2009 in the Netherlands, South Korea and other countries has undergone human infection, the case of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus , but the range is very small. This article from their homes network
  He said, the public emergence of this new virus does not require too panic, previously infected with human H5N1 avian influenza virus, the number of incident cases in epidemiological history is minimal. http://www.iask.ca/news/china/2013/0404/190942.html

Macao Health Bureau to exclude an H7N9 avian influenza suspected cases

Macau Health Bureau to the Kiang Wu Hospital Bulletin, a suspect by the Jiangsu Suqian to O patients infected with influenza A H7N9 avian flu, the Health Bureau has been ruled out after testing, and urged members of the public need not panic...Suspected of being infected with influenza A H7N9 avian flu man two days ago to Australia, his symptoms of fever, chest pain and breathing is not smooth to the Kiang Wu Hospital for treatment, was diagnosed with pneumonia.
  Exclude influenza H7N9 avian flu, the Health Bureau immediately collected patient samples for testing, the results negative for influenza A, influenza A H7N9 avian influenza has been ruled out. Patients after healing, no longer fever symptoms, in good condition.
http://news.youth.cn/gn/201304/t20130404_3060495.htm

China announced to mobilize all resources to fight bird flu



Updated April 4, 2013
Increase in the number of people infected with the H7N9 avian influenza in China, the Chinese authorities announced spending of national resources to deal with avian flu, neighboring countries also are trying to step up preventive measures.
So far, China has four people died of the H7N9 avian flu, 11 people were confirmed to be infected with this virus, and these people are mainly concentrated in the eastern region.
The latest of a deceased person who died Thursday in Shanghai. This 48-year-old man during his lifetime had poultry contact.

Prevention

Japan, Hong Kong, strengthened security and preparedness. Vietnam (3) to prohibit imports of poultry from China.
H7N9 seems not contagious from person to person, but the Hong Kong authorities to be on the safe side, at the airport increased vigilance. All inbound and outbound travelers must notice air service if you feel unwell.
Hong Kong authorities also closely monitor the chicken farm, and to suspend imports of live chickens from mainland China.
In Japan, the airport at the entrance to put up a billboard, prompted China to travelers, are sick or suspected of being infected with avian flu to seek medical help immediately.
Open and transparent
China's Ministry of Health said on its website on Wednesday (3), to mobilize the resources and strength of the country's health, to deal with avian flu.
The Beijing government learn from the lessons of previous treatment, Texas, committed to the rapid exchange of information with domestic and foreign.
But the number of Internet users in China, and newspapers have questioned why the Government so long before announcing the new cases, especially the two fell ill in February already infected. However, the Chinese government said it will take time to correctly identify the virus.
The Ministry of Health of China, will continue to be open and transparent with the World Health Organization and relevant countries to maintain communication and exchanges, and to strengthen the monitoring and prevention measures.
Flu experts from around the world also are removed from the patient's virus samples were analyzed to determine whether there is a possibility of the evolution of the adult classes massive flu outbreak.
At the same time, China also need to find out whether there is any animal infected with the H7N9 virus, to figure out how this virus is transmitted to humans.
Influenza virus experts say that this new type of avian influenza have occurred some genetic variation, and then mutate, it is possible to develop into interpersonal infection. http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=zh-CN&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fzhongwen%2Fsimp%2Fchina%2F2013%2F04%2F130404_birdflu_latest.shtml